Kermes oak

Has the appearance of a large shrub rather than a tree and can be found anywhere from 1 to 6 metres tall depending on its habitat. It is evergreen and has acorns 3cm. long by 2cm. in diameter with the cup having rearward pointing scales. The acorns take two years to ripen and were often used a pig food.
Kermes is the preferred habitat for the kermes insect (Kermes ilices) which was a valuable source for a beautiful red dye.